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The Conchological Society of Great Britain and Ireland

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    • Newsletters 1961 - 2002
      • Collecting localities in the Cape Province
      • Field meeting Walton-on-Naze
      • Field meeting to Box Hill
      • Herons, Moorhens and Rats feeding on Anodonta anatina
      • Introduction
      • Introduction to molluscan taxonomy 1) Species and subspecies
      • Oyster Catchers feeding on Patella vulgata
      • Volutes
      • Issue 3
        • Introduction to molluscan taxonomy 2) The significance of types
        • Land and freshwater snails: additions to the British List since 1926
        • Littoral collecting in the Scilly Isles
        • Snails in a Sussex garden
      • Issue 4
        • Biographical Note
        • Introduction to molluscan taxonomy 3) The genus
        • Learning in Nucella lapillus
        • Mollusca on Liverpool bomb sites
        • The Cardiacea
        • The Strombidae
      • Issue 5
        • A suggested method for extracting the animals from small high-spired shells
        • Commensual crabs in Mytilus edulis
        • Field meeting at Shell Bay, Dorset
        • Field meeting at West Runton and Overstrand
        • Introduction to molluscan taxonomy 4) Taxonomic history
        • J.G. Bruguiere 1750-98
      • Issue 6
        • A little more biography
        • Field meeting at Amberley
        • Field meeting to Grasswood, Yorkshire May 1962
        • Marine collecting in New Zealand
        • Marine mollusca of Carnac, Brittany
        • On the use and misuse of common names
        • Strand shells after Cornish gales
        • Trochus magus in the Isle of Wight
      • Issue 7
        • 35 years collecting
        • Field meeting Epping Forest
        • Field meeting White Downs
        • More strand shells after Cornish gales
        • Natural History Museum at Craster
        • Notes on the pholadidae
      • Issue 8
        • Field meeting at Norwich
        • Geology for conchologists - Introduction
        • Geology for conchologists - The last 15,000 years
        • The Strophocheilidae
      • Issue 9
        • More autobiography
        • Sinistrorsity
        • Some etymology
        • Systematics sewn up
      • Issue 10
        • Field meeting at Norbury Park
        • Papers for students
        • Rearing snails from the egg
      • Issue 11
        • Field meeting at Leith Hill
        • Posting living mollusca
        • Snails extinct in England but living abroad
        • The Viviparidae
    • 'Papers for students' 1964 - 1991
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        • Distribution of the Slipper Limpet
        • Status of Phenacolimax major
        • Survey of Cellar slugs
        • Survey of Malacolimax tenellus
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Cuspidaria rostrata

Submitted by Steve Wilkinson on Sat, 05/12/2009 22:15
Distribution and status

Rare. Distributed from the north of Norway to the Mediterranean.

The map provided here shows the distribution of the species based on Conchological Society data.

Ecology and behaviour

The species is carnivorous and feeds by sucking in food with an adapted muscular gill. It probably feeds mainly on dead crustaceans.

Key identification features
  • Spout is relatively long
  • Surface is sculptured with only concentric lines - no ribs
Taxon version key
[NBNSYS0000180931]
Sort order
11520
Taxonomic group
Marine bivalve
  • Read more about Cuspidaria rostrata

Brittle shell up to 2.5cm in length. The shell is white but obscured with a cream periostracum. The inside is also white. The surface is sculptured with faint concentric rings.

Cuspidaria cuspidata

Submitted by Steve Wilkinson on Sat, 05/12/2009 22:15
Distribution and status

The map provided here shows the distribution of the species based on Conchological Society data.

Ecology and behaviour

Burrows in muddy sand or gravel. The species is carnivorous and feeds by sucking in food with an adapted muscular gill. It probably feeds mainly on dead crustaceans.

Key identification features
  • Posterior of shell drawn out into a 'spout'
  • The spout is relatively short
  • Surface is sculptured with only concentric lines - no ribs
Taxon version key
[NBNSYS0000180927]
Sort order
11480
Taxonomic group
Marine bivalve
  • Read more about Cuspidaria cuspidata

Brittle shell up to 2cm in length. The shell is white in colour but obscured by a brown periostracum. The inside is white, sometimes with a blue tinge. The surface of the shell is sculptured with faint concentric lines.

Cuspidaria costellata

Submitted by Steve Wilkinson on Sat, 05/12/2009 22:15
Distribution and status

Rare. Distributed from the Norwegian Sea to the Mediterranean

The map provided here shows the distribution of the species based on Conchological Society data.

Ecology and behaviour

Burrows in muddy sand and gravel. The species is carnivorous and feeds by sucking in food with an adapted muscular gill. It probably feeds mainly on dead crustaceans.

Key identification features
  • Surface sculptured with 20-30 radiating ribs
Taxon version key
[NBNSYS0000180926]
Sort order
11530
Taxonomic group
Marine bivalve
  • Read more about Cuspidaria costellata

Brittle shell up to 1cm in length. The shell is white in colour but can appear translucent. The surface is obscured by a brown periostracum. The surface of the shell is sculptured with radiating ribs and concentric lines

Crassostrea virginica

Submitted by Steve Wilkinson on Sat, 05/12/2009 22:15
Vernacular names
Eastern oyster
Distribution and status

Non-native.

The map provided here shows the distribution of the species based on Conchological Society data.

Ecology and behaviour

This species was originally imported (pre 1939) but has not yet established breeding populations in the wild.

Key identification features
  • The shell margins near the beak are smooth
  • The margin of the shell is flat
  • The muscle scar is purple or brown
Taxon version key
[NBNSYS0000180828]
Sort order
9550
Taxonomic group
Marine bivalve
  • Read more about Crassostrea virginica

Solid shell up to 17cm from beak to opposite margin. It is dirty white to brown in colour, occasionally with purple markings. The surface of the shell is sculptured with concentric ridges and lines.

Clinocardium ciliatum

Submitted by Steve Wilkinson on Sat, 05/12/2009 22:15
Distribution and status

The map provided here shows the distribution of the species based on Conchological Society data.

Ecology and behaviour

Lives in sand or muddy gravel, 10-100m.

Taxon version key
[NBNSYS0000180595]
Sort order
10360
Taxonomic group
Marine bivalve
  • Read more about Clinocardium ciliatum

Up to 35mm long, 40mm high, 35mm across, plump, roundish. Juveniles longer than high. 32-38 ridged close-set radial ribs, sometimes obscure towards the posterior, crossed by concentric striations and growth lines. Periostracum grey and thick. Teeth small, sharp. Margin crenulated, with fluting on the inside extending about 1/5 of the way into the shell. Greyish yellow with narrow concentric bands of darker colour. Inside off-white.

Chlamys subsulcata

Submitted by Steve Wilkinson on Sat, 05/12/2009 22:15
Distribution and status

Rare. Distributed from northern Norway to the Mediterranean

The map provided here shows the distribution of the species based on Conchological Society data.

Key identification features
  • Two types of rib, one smaller than the other, which alternate across the shell surface
  • All ribs have one or two rows of tubercles
Taxon version key
[NBNSYS0000180397]
Sort order
9610
Taxonomic group
Marine bivalve
  • Read more about Chlamys subsulcata

Brittle shell up to 2.5 cm in length. It is white, yellow, brown, pink or orange in colour. The surface is sculptured with broad ribs interspersed with finer ones all of which are covered with tubercles. Concentric lines are also present.

Calliostoma granulatum

Submitted by Steve Wilkinson on Sat, 05/12/2009 22:15
Distribution and status

Occassional. Occurs from the south of the British Isles to the Azores and into the Mediterranean.

The map provided here shows the distribution of the species based on Conchological Society data.

Ecology and behaviour

Lives subtidally on gravel or soft bottoms.

Similar species
  • Calliostoma zizyphinum spiral ridges on the last whorl are not beaded
  • Jujubinus miliaris has a clearly reticulated sculpture on the shell surface
Key identification features
  • Conical shell with slightly concave sides and a pointed apex
  • Breadth approximately equal to height
  • Shell has spiral ridges which are beaded but not reticulated
Taxon version key
[NBNSYS0000180043]
Sort order
820
Taxonomic group
Marine snail
  • Read more about Calliostoma granulatum

Conical shell up to 35mm in height with 7 to 9 whorls. Colour is pale yellow marked with red brown spots or streaks. The shell is sculptured with spiral ridges raised into promient granular points. These major ridges are interspersed with smaller ones which are smooth. The animal has three pairs of epipodial tentacles.

Calliostoma formosum

Submitted by Steve Wilkinson on Sat, 05/12/2009 22:15
Vernacular names
Boreal topsnail
Distribution and status

Rare. A northern species, recorded from the British Isles (mainly in the north), the Northern Isles and coast of Norway.

The map provided here shows the distribution of the species based on Conchological Society data.

Ecology and behaviour

Lives on stones where it feeds on alcyonarians and hydroids.

Similar species
  • Calliostoma zizyphinum has more than 5 spiral ridges
  • Calliostoma granulatum has more than 5 spiral ridges
Key identification features
  • Conical shell with flat sides and a pointed apex
  • Breadth approximately equal to height
  • Shell has only 4 to 5 spiral ridges at the end of the last whorl
Taxon version key
[NBNSYS0000180042]
Sort order
790
Taxonomic group
Marine snail
  • Read more about Calliostoma formosum

Conical shell up to 12mm in height with about seven whorls. The shell is thin and semi-transparent and golden to reddish lustre. Shell surface is sculptured with 4 or 5 spiral ridges some of which have knot-like swellings. The animal possesses three pairs of epipodal tentacles.

Buccinum humphreysianum

Submitted by Steve Wilkinson on Sat, 05/12/2009 22:15
Distribution and status

Rare. Norway to Mediterranean. Shetlands, west Scotland, west and south Ireland.

The map provided here shows the distribution of the species based on Conchological Society data.

Ecology and behaviour

Found on soft bottoms. Ecology may be similar to Buccinum undatum.

Similar species
  • Buccinum undatum Much larger and coarser
  • Liomesus ovum Shell oval, denser, apex blunt
Key identification features
  • Shell very thin, appears smooth, but finely reticulate
  • Teardrop shaped shell
  • Pale brown, may have reddish streaks or spots
Taxon version key
[NBNSYS0000179949]
Sort order
2860
Taxonomic group
Marine snail
  • Read more about Buccinum humphreysianum

Teardrop shaped shell, 7-8 tumid whorls, up to 45mm high, apex sharp. Shell very thin, appears smooth, but finely reticulate. Pale brown, may have reddish streaks or spots. Mouth oval, outer lip thin, siphonal canal short, inner lip callus thin and shiny.

Beringius turtoni

Submitted by Steve Wilkinson on Sat, 05/12/2009 22:15
Distribution and status

The map provided here shows the distribution of the species based on Conchological Society data.

Ecology and behaviour

Lives on muddy bottoms.

Similar species
  • Buccinum undatum Sinuous vertical costae, a strong, short siphonal canal
  • Neptunea antiqua Sculpture usually fine spiral lines and ridges, heavier shell
  • Volutopsius norwegicus Very little sculpture, thin periostracum, porcellaneous shell
Key identification features
  • Columnar apical whorls
  • Corded sculpture
  • Yellowish green periostracum
Taxon version key
[NBNSYS0000179760]
Sort order
2890
Taxonomic group
Marine snail
  • Read more about Beringius turtoni

Tall, loosely coiled, turreted shell, up to 130mm high. Apex blunt, next few whorls tend to be columnar, last adult whorls rounded, 7-8 in all. Shell lightweight. Sculpture of numerous shallow cords with growth lines. Shell whitish, with a yellowish green periostracum which may be rubbed off. Mouth D shaped, the siphonal canal barely present. The adult outer lip may be slightly flared, the inner lip is covered by a thin callus. Narrow and broad forms exist.

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