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      • Issue 1
        • Collecting East African marine snails
        • Field meeting to Box Hill
        • Introduction
        • Oyster Catchers feeding on Patella vulgata
      • Issue 2
        • Collecting localities in the Cape Province
        • Field meeting Walton-on-Naze
        • Herons, Moorhens and Rats feeding on Anodonta anatina
        • Introduction to molluscan taxonomy 1) Species and subspecies
        • Volutes
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        • Introduction to molluscan taxonomy 2) The significance of types
        • Land and freshwater snails: additions to the British List since 1926
        • Littoral collecting in the Scilly Isles
        • Snails in a Sussex garden
      • Issue 4
        • Biographical Note
        • Introduction to molluscan taxonomy 3) The genus
        • Learning in Nucella lapillus
        • Mollusca on Liverpool bomb sites
        • The Cardiacea
        • The Strombidae
      • Issue 5
        • A suggested method for extracting the animals from small high-spired shells
        • Commensual crabs in Mytilus edulis
        • Field meeting at Shell Bay, Dorset
        • Field meeting at West Runton and Overstrand
        • Introduction to molluscan taxonomy 4) Taxonomic history
        • J.G. Bruguiere 1750-98
      • Issue 6
        • A little more biography
        • Field meeting at Amberley
        • Field meeting to Grasswood, Yorkshire May 1962
        • Marine collecting in New Zealand
        • Marine mollusca of Carnac, Brittany
        • On the use and misuse of common names
        • Strand shells after Cornish gales
        • Trochus magus in the Isle of Wight
      • Issue 7
        • 35 years collecting
        • Field meeting Epping Forest
        • Field meeting White Downs
        • More strand shells after Cornish gales
        • Natural History Museum at Craster
        • Notes on the pholadidae
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        • Field meeting at Norwich
        • Geology for conchologists - Introduction
        • Geology for conchologists - The last 15,000 years
        • The Strophocheilidae
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        • David Landsborough
        • Field meeting at Albury
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        • Still more autobiography
        • The Viviparidae
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Tridonta elliptica

Submitted by Steve Wilkinson on Sat, 05/12/2009 22:15
Distribution and status

RareDistributed from the north of Britain to Norway, including the Baltic.

Ecology and behaviour

Burrows in sandy mud or gravel.

Key identification features
  • Sculpture of 25-30 concentric ridges on shell surface
  • Margin of the shell is smooth
  • Periostracum is mesh-like
Taxon version key
[NBNSYS0000178438]
Sort order
10220
Taxonomic group
Marine bivalve
  • Read more about Tridonta elliptica

Solid shell up to 3cm in length. It is white in colour obscured by dark brown periostracum. The surface of the shell is sculptured with concentric ridges and finer lines.

Tridonta borealis

Submitted by Steve Wilkinson on Sat, 05/12/2009 22:15
Distribution and status

RareDistributed from the northern North Sea to the north of Norway.

Key identification features
  • Smooth margin to shell
  • Surface of the shell is sculptured with lines but no ridges
Taxon version key
[NBNSYS0000178437]
Sort order
10210
Taxonomic group
Marine bivalve
  • Read more about Tridonta borealis

Solid shell up to 4cm in length. The shell is white but obscured by dark brown to black periostracum. The surface of the shell is sculptutred with concentric lines.

Timoclea ovata

Submitted by Steve Wilkinson on Sat, 05/12/2009 22:15
Distribution and status

Widely distributed. Common.Recorded from the North of Norway to Iberian Peninsula and the Mediterranean and the Black Sea.

Ecology and behaviour

Shallow burrower in sand, muddy sand and gravel. Feeds by filtering phytoplankton from the water.

Key identification features
  • Shell has up to fifty radiating ribs which combine with concentric ridges to give a knobly appearance
  • Inner margin crenulate
Taxon version key
[NBNSYS0000178397]
Sort order
10960
Taxonomic group
Marine bivalve
  • Read more about Timoclea ovata

Solid shell up to 2cm in length. Broadly oval in outline. Dirty white, light yellow or fawn in colour. Sculpture of up to 50 radiating ribs raised into small tubercles by concentric ridges. Periostracum fibrous and slight.

Tellimya ferruginosa

Submitted by Steve Wilkinson on Sat, 05/12/2009 22:15
Distribution and status

FrequentDistributed from the north of Norway south to the Mediterranean

Ecology and behaviour

Lives commensal with the sea urchin Echinocardium cordatum particularly in muddy sand.

Key identification features
  • Surface sculptured with concentric lines but not ridged
  • No posterior latteral tooth
  • Rust coloured deposit on shell surface
Taxon version key
[NBNSYS0000178296]
Sort order
10060
Taxonomic group
Marine bivalve
  • Read more about Tellimya ferruginosa

Fragile shell up to 1cm in length. Shell white but often obscured by a rust coloured deposit. Inside may have a light purple tinge. The surface of the shell is sculptured with concentric lines and a few faint radiating lines.

Tectura virginea

Submitted by Steve Wilkinson on Sat, 05/12/2009 22:15
Vernacular names
White Tortoiseshell Limpet
Distribution and status

Common. Occurs throughout Europe on Atlantic and Med coasts.

Tectura virginea

The map provided here shows the distribution of the species based on Conchological Society data held by the National Biodiversity Network (NBN). See terms and conditions.

The following datasets are included:

  • Conchological Society of Great Britain & Ireland: marine mollusc records

Open an NBN Atlas interactive map of this data in a new window.

Ecology and behaviour

Lives attached to the underside of stable stones which have growths of red weed. Feeds on red algae especially Lithothamnion. Breeds in spring.

Similar species
  • Tectura testudinalis has a brown head scar inside the shell
Key identification features
  • Shell surface marked with pink rays
  • Head scar is unpigmented or a V-shaped red mark
  • Mantle edge banded with red corresponding to marks on shell
References and links

Taxon details available from MolluscaBase (AphiaID 153552):

Tectura virginea (O. F. Müller, 1776)

The UK NBN Atlas entry for the species can be accessed via this link.

Taxon version key
[NBNSYS0000178292]
Sort order
960
Taxonomic group
Marine snail
  • Read more about Tectura virginea

Tectura virginea. White Tortoiseshell Limpet. Taxon version key: NHMSYS0021056385. Common. Occurs throughout Europe on Atlantic and Med coasts. Conical shell up to 10mm in length. The surface of the shell is smooth. It is white or cream in colour with pink lines which are often broken giving a chequered pattern. Occasionally a pure white specimen may be found.

Tapes rhomboides

Submitted by Steve Wilkinson on Sat, 05/12/2009 22:15
Distribution and status

Very common

Recorded from Norway to the Iberian Peninsula and into the Mediterranean.

Ecology and behaviour

Shallow burrower in coarse sand or gravel where it feeds by filtering phytoplankton. Note that the shell shape varies with depth becoming more 'plump' where it lives in shallower areas.

Similar species
  • Tapes aureus is less oblong (relatively taller) in shape
  • Venerupis senegalensis has finer and closer concentric lines and has faint radial lines
Key identification features
  • Polished shell but not glossy sculptured only with concentric rings; no radiating lines
  • Pallial sinus and line almost confluent but a thin gap remains
Taxon version key
[NBNSYS0000178285]
Sort order
10990
Taxonomic group
Marine bivalve
  • Read more about Tapes rhomboides

Solid shell up to about 6cm in length. Colour cream or yellow often with rays or streaks of brown or red brown. Inside of shell white, often tinged with pink. Sculpture of flattened ribs but radial lines are absent. Pallial sinus dies not extend to the midpoint of the shell. Lunule not bounded by a clearly marked groove. Inside glossy sometimes with purple, yellow or orange tinge towards the beaks. Each valve has three cardinal teeth; the centre tooth on the left valve and centre and posterior on the right valve bifid.

Tapes philippinarum

Submitted by Steve Wilkinson on Sat, 05/12/2009 22:15
Distribution and status

Non-native

Native to Asia (Western Pacific) but since the 1930s has been introduced to many countries including the Mediterranean, Brittany, northern Spain and England.

Ecology and behaviour

The species was introduced in an attempt to create a fishery in Poole Harbour (around 1990) and Whitstable. There are indications that the species is slowly spreading.

Similar species
  • Tapes decussatus has a more angular shape and less radial sculpturing
  • Venerupis senegalensis lacks the prominent radial sculpturing
Key identification features
  • Very coarse radial sculpture especially at posterior end
  • Pallial sinus does not extend as far as the midline and is not confluent with pallial line
Taxon version key
[NBNSYS0000178284]
Sort order
11010
Taxonomic group
Marine bivalve
  • Read more about Tapes philippinarum

Solid shell up to about 5cm in length. White, yellow or brown in colour often heavily decorated with darker brown rays, streaks, blotches or waves. Inside of shell white or pale yellow sometimes with purple colouration. Very distinct radial sculpturing on shell and less prominent concentric sculpturing. Siphons fused together for almost their entire length.

Tapes decussatus

Submitted by Steve Wilkinson on Sat, 05/12/2009 22:15
Distribution and status

Not uncommon

Recorded from the south and west of the British Isles and south to the Iberian Peninsula and into the Mediterranean.

Ecology and behaviour

Shallow burrower in sand, muddy gravel or stiff clay where it feeds by filtering phytoplankton.

Similar species
  • Venerupis senegalensis has much finer sculpturing especially of the radial lines
Key identification features
  • Pallial sinus and line are not confluent and sinus scar is wedge shaped
  • Very pronounced radiating and concentric sculpture in the the anterior and posterior regions giving these areas a decussate appearance
Taxon version key
[NBNSYS0000178283]
Sort order
11000
Taxonomic group
Marine bivalve
  • Read more about Tapes decussatus

Solid shell up to about 7cm in length. White yellow or light brown sometimes with rays or streaks of darker brown. Sculpture of radiating ribs and concentric rings give the a valves a very marked descussate appearance. Radial sculpture is as distinct or more distinct than concentric. Each valve has three cardinal teeth; the centre tooth on the left valve and centre and posterior on the right valve bifid.

Tapes aureus

Submitted by Steve Wilkinson on Sat, 05/12/2009 22:15
Distribution and status

Widely distributed

Recorded from the Norwegian Sea to the Iberian Peninsula and into the Mediterranean.

Ecology and behaviour

Shallow burrower in gravel, muddy gravel and soft black mud where it feeds by filtering phytoplankton.

Similar species
  • Tapes rhomboides tends to be more oblong and less glossy
Key identification features
  • Pallial sinus does not reach midline of shell
  • Smooth surfaced (glossy) shell with sculpture of flattened concentric rings
  • Pallial sinus and line are not confluent
Taxon version key
[NBNSYS0000178282]
Sort order
10980
Taxonomic group
Marine bivalve
  • Read more about Tapes aureus

Solid shell up to about 4cm in length. Pale yellow, dirty white or brown in colour sometimes with lines zig-zags or blotches of purple or brown. Sculpture of flattened concentric rings crossed by very fine radiating lines (difficult to see with the naked eye). Pallial sinus reaching the midpoint of the shell. Inside of shell white or cream tinged with yellow. Lunule bounded by a fine groove. Each valve has three cardinal teeth; the centre tooth on the left valve and centre and posterior on the right valve are bifid.

Striarca lactea

Submitted by Steve Wilkinson on Sat, 05/12/2009 22:15
Distribution and status

OccasionalDistributed from the English Channel south to the Mediterranean and Black Seas.

Ecology and behaviour

Lives attached by byssus threads amongst rocks or crevices.

Key identification features
  • Ventral margin of the shell has no gape
  • All teeth on the hinge plate are a similar size
Taxon version key
[NBNSYS0000178200]
Sort order
9250
Taxonomic group
Marine bivalve
  • Read more about Striarca lactea

Soid shell up to 2cm in length. It is yellow white in colour obscured by brown periostracum. The inside of the shell is white. The surface of the shell is sculptured with radiating ribs and ridges which gives rise to a reticulate appearance in the middle of the valves.

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