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      • Current part: 45 (3), 2025
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      • Issue 1
        • Collecting East African marine snails
        • Field meeting to Box Hill
        • Introduction
        • Oyster Catchers feeding on Patella vulgata
      • Issue 2
        • Collecting localities in the Cape Province
        • Field meeting Walton-on-Naze
        • Herons, Moorhens and Rats feeding on Anodonta anatina
        • Introduction to molluscan taxonomy 1) Species and subspecies
        • Volutes
      • Issue 3
        • Introduction to molluscan taxonomy 2) The significance of types
        • Land and freshwater snails: additions to the British List since 1926
        • Littoral collecting in the Scilly Isles
        • Snails in a Sussex garden
      • Issue 4
        • Biographical Note
        • Introduction to molluscan taxonomy 3) The genus
        • Learning in Nucella lapillus
        • Mollusca on Liverpool bomb sites
        • The Cardiacea
        • The Strombidae
      • Issue 5
        • A suggested method for extracting the animals from small high-spired shells
        • Commensual crabs in Mytilus edulis
        • Field meeting at Shell Bay, Dorset
        • Field meeting at West Runton and Overstrand
        • Introduction to molluscan taxonomy 4) Taxonomic history
        • J.G. Bruguiere 1750-98
      • Issue 6
        • A little more biography
        • Field meeting at Amberley
        • Field meeting to Grasswood, Yorkshire May 1962
        • Marine collecting in New Zealand
        • Marine mollusca of Carnac, Brittany
        • On the use and misuse of common names
        • Strand shells after Cornish gales
        • Trochus magus in the Isle of Wight
      • Issue 7
        • 35 years collecting
        • Field meeting Epping Forest
        • Field meeting White Downs
        • More strand shells after Cornish gales
        • Natural History Museum at Craster
        • Notes on the pholadidae
      • Issue 8
        • Field meeting at Norwich
        • Geology for conchologists - Introduction
        • Geology for conchologists - The last 15,000 years
        • The Strophocheilidae
      • Issue 9
        • More autobiography
        • Sinistrorsity
        • Some etymology
        • Systematics sewn up
      • Issue 10
        • Field meeting at Norbury Park
        • Papers for students
        • Rearing snails from the egg
      • Issue 11
        • David Landsborough
        • Field meeting at Albury
        • Field meeting at Leith Hill
        • Posting living mollusca
        • Snails extinct in England but living abroad
        • Still more autobiography
        • The Viviparidae
    • Papers for students
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Plagiocardium papillosum

Submitted by Anonymous (not verified) on Sat, 05/12/2009 22:15
Distribution and status

RareA southern species, extending from the south side of the English Channel along Atlantic coasts to Angola, also Mediterranean.

Ecology and behaviour

Living in sand and shell gravel, 4-200m.

Key identification features
  • Ribs have fairly wide-set globular tubercles (not spines)
  • The grooves between the ribs have slits or notches
Taxon version key
[NBNSYS0000185717]
Sort order
10320
Taxonomic group
Marine bivalve
  • Read more about Plagiocardium papillosum

Up to 15mm long, 14mm high, 10mm wide, solid, plump, almost equilateral. 22-27 radial ribs, flattened with narrow pitted grooves between.

Panomya arctica

Submitted by Steve Wilkinson on Sat, 05/12/2009 22:15
Ecology and behaviour

Burrows in mud, muddy sand and gravel.

Key identification features
  • Pallial sinus is a series of separate muscle scars
  • Posterior muscle scar is longer and thinner than anterior
  • ?concentric ridges?
Taxon version key
[NBNSYS0000185106]
Sort order
11180
Taxonomic group
Marine bivalve
  • Read more about Panomya arctica

Solid shell up to 8cm in length. The outside of the shell is white tinged with grey. The insde is also white but glossy and can be brown in the centre. The shell gapes to the posterior end.

Musculus laevigatus

Submitted by Steve Wilkinson on Sat, 05/12/2009 22:15
Taxon version key
[NBNSYS0000184390]
Sort order
9410
Taxonomic group
Marine bivalve
  • Read more about Musculus laevigatus

Limea sarsii

Submitted by Steve Wilkinson on Sat, 05/12/2009 22:15
Distribution and status

RareDisributed from northern Norway to the Iberian Peninsula and into the Mediterranean.

Key identification features
  • The hinge line of the shell is serrated
  • The shell surface has distinctive crenulated ridges
Taxon version key
[NBNSYS0000183596]
Sort order
9520
Taxonomic group
Marine bivalve
  • Read more about Limea sarsii

Thin shell up to 3mm in length. The shell is translucent but obscured by cream coloured periostracum. The surface of the shell is sculptured with radiating ribs crossed by crenulated concentric ridges.

Lepeta caeca

Submitted by Steve Wilkinson on Sat, 05/12/2009 22:15
Distribution and status

Rare

North of Norway down to the northern parts of the North Sea.

Ecology and behaviour

Feeds on detritus picked up from the rock surface.

Similar species
  • Iothia fulva has tilted apex very close to anterior margin
  • Propilidium exiguum has tilted apex
Key identification features
  • Apex not tilted
  • Absence of internal septum
Taxon version key
[NBNSYS0000183358]
Sort order
1010
Taxonomic group
Marine snail
  • Read more about Lepeta caeca

Conical shell up to 10mm in length (4mm in height). The shell is yellow-grey in colour. The surface sculptured with fine radiating ridges and concentric lines. The animal does not possess eyes.

Isomonia alberti

Submitted by Steve Wilkinson on Sat, 05/12/2009 22:15
Distribution and status

Widely distributedDistributed from Norway south to the Bay of Biscay.

Ecology and behaviour

Lives on bottoms of coarse sand and gravel attached to rocks or other shells.

Key identification features
  • Two muscle distinct scars on the upper valve.
  • The muscle scars are not furrowed
Taxon version key
[NBNSYS0000183087]
Sort order
9750
Taxonomic group
Marine bivalve
  • Read more about Isomonia alberti

Fragile shell up to 1.5cm in length.The outside is white in colour tinged with pink. The inisde is white and glossy. The surface is sculptured with irregular concentric rings.

Irus irus

Submitted by Steve Wilkinson on Sat, 05/12/2009 22:15
Distribution and status

Common

Recorded from the south and west of the British Isles and south to the Iberian Peninsula and into the Mediterranean and Black Sea.

Ecology and behaviour

Lives in holes in limestone (often previously occupied by other species) or in crevices in Laminaria holdfasts. Feeds by filtering phytoplankton from the water.

Similar species
  • Hiatella arctica [?]
Key identification features
  • No lateral teeth and three cardinal teeth in right valve [check image?]
  • Raised frill like concentric sculpture on the valve surface
  • Pallial sinus triangular and short
Taxon version key
[NBNSYS0000183059]
Sort order
11020
Taxonomic group
Marine bivalve
  • Read more about Irus irus

Brittle shell up to about 2.5cm in length. Dirty white or fawn in colour. Inside white or cream often with purple stain. The degree of distortion and sculpture of the shell depends on how tightly the specimen was wedged in the cavity in grew in. The frill like concentric ridges can be very prominent.

Gastrana fragilis

Submitted by Steve Wilkinson on Sat, 05/12/2009 22:15
Distribution and status

RareNorwegian Sea and Baltic to the Iberian Peninsula and into the Mediterranean and Black Sea.

Ecology and behaviour

Burrows in sand

Key identification features
  • Lower margin of pallial sinus not entirely confluent with pallial line
Taxon version key
[NBNSYS0000182198]
Sort order
10710
Taxonomic group
Marine bivalve
  • Read more about Gastrana fragilis

Brittle shell up to about 5 cm in length. Dirty white in colour. Shell surface is rough sculptured with irregular concentric ridges and fine radiating lines. Cruciform muscle scars sometimes clear. Deep pallial sinus which is partially confluent with the pallial line.

Galeomma turtoni

Submitted by Steve Wilkinson on Sat, 05/12/2009 22:15
Ecology and behaviour

Known to live either attached by byssus threads or in a free state.

Key identification features
  • The hinge does not possess teeth
  • The surface is sculptured with radiating ribs and concentric lines giving it a rough appearance
Taxon version key
[NBNSYS0000182177]
Sort order
9930
Taxonomic group
Marine bivalve
  • Read more about Galeomma turtoni

Brittle shell up to 1.5cm in length. The inside of the shell is white and the outside is white or light brown. The surface of the shell is sculptured with radiating ribs and concentric lines. The margin of the shell is crenulated.

Ervilia castanea

Submitted by Steve Wilkinson on Sat, 05/12/2009 22:15
Key identification features
  • Internal ligament
  • Cardinal teeth do not form a V shaped projection
  • Lateral teeth present
Taxon version key
[NBNSYS0000181779]
Sort order
10850
Taxonomic group
Marine bivalve
  • Read more about Ervilia castanea

Solid shell up to about 1.5cm in length. Glossy shell, red-chestnut brown in colour often with rays or paler patches. Inside similar colour but brighter. Shell surface sculptured with concentric lines. Pallial sinus almost reaches the midline and is partially confluent with the pallial line.

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