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Ensis americanus

Submitted by Steve Wilkinson on Sat, 05/12/2009 22:14
Distribution and status

Non-native

Ecology and behaviour

Burrows in fine or silty sand. Remains close to the surface while submerged in water, retreating to a depth of up to half a metre when exposed.

Similar species
  • Ensis arcuatus has a narrower shell and U-shaped pallial sinus
Key identification features
  • Pallial sinus reversed S-shape pointing to posterior adductor scar
  • Relatively broad shell (length : breadth ratio of 6:1)
  • Posterior adductor scar very close or joined to pallial sinus
  • Foot retractor scar opposite ligament insertion
References and links

World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS)
Accepted name for this species is now (AphiaID: 876640):

Ensis leei M. Huber, 2015

Taxon version key
[NBNSYS0000175131]
Sort order
10490
Taxonomic group
Marine bivalve
  • Read more about Ensis americanus

Slightly curved shell up to about 15cm in length. Greyish violet in colour with olive green periostracum. Shell sculptured with smooth horizontal and vertical lines with clear growth lines.

Emarginula rosea

Submitted by Steve Wilkinson on Sat, 05/12/2009 22:14
Distribution and status

Common

Occurs from the British Isles south to the Mediterranean.

Ecology and behaviour

Lives in the interstitial spaces of gravel bottoms.

Similar species
  • Emarginula crassa has a much finer reticulated sculpture on shell surface
  • Emarginula fissura has apex close to the centre of the shell
Key identification features
  • Apex is almost above the posterior edge of the shell
  • Apex is below the highest point of the shell
Taxon version key
[NBNSYS0000175109]
Sort order
580
Taxonomic group
Marine snail
  • Read more about Emarginula rosea

Conical shell up to 6mm in length (4mm in height) with a slit in the anterior margin. The shell is white often with a pinkish tinge. The surface is sculptured with a coarse reticulate pattern with 35-40 radiating ridges.

Emarginula fissura

Submitted by Steve Wilkinson on Sat, 05/12/2009 22:14
Distribution and status

Frequent

Found on all Atlantic coasts.

Ecology and behaviour

Lives on the underside of rocks which harbour growths of sponge on which it feeds. An exhalent siphon is projected through the slit.

Similar species
  • Emarginula crassa has much finer sculpturing of the surface
  • Emarginula rosea has apex further back - close to the posterior edge of the shell
Key identification features
  • Coarse sculpturing of shell surface
  • Apex is close to the centre of the shell
Taxon version key
[NBNSYS0000175107]
Sort order
570
Taxonomic group
Marine snail
  • Read more about Emarginula fissura

Conical shell up to 10mm in length (6mm in height) with slit in the anterior margin. White both inside and out. The surface is sculptured with a coarse reticulate pattern with 25-35 radiating ridges.

Emarginula crassa

Submitted by Steve Wilkinson on Sat, 05/12/2009 22:14
Distribution and status

Frequent?

Occurs from the north of Norway to the south of the British Isles.

Ecology and behaviour

Found under stones.

Similar species
  • Emarginula fissura has much coarser sculpturing of shell surface
  • Emarginula rosea has much coarser sculpturing of shell surface
Key identification features
  • Fine reticulated sculpture with about 50 radiating ridges
Taxon version key
[NBNSYS0000175106]
Sort order
560
Taxonomic group
Marine snail
  • Read more about Emarginula crassa

Conical shell up to 30mm in length (15mm in height) with a slit in the anterior margin. The shell is white both inside and out. The surface is sculptured with a fine reticulate pattern with about 50 radiating ridges interspersed with finer ones.

Dosinia lupinus

Submitted by Steve Wilkinson on Sat, 05/12/2009 22:14
Distribution and status

Widely distributed.

Occurs from the north of Norway to the Iberian Peninsula and into the Mediterranean.

The map provided here shows the distribution of the species based on Conchological Society data.

Ecology and behaviour

Burrows deeply in sand (sometimes mixed with mud) and shell gravel. Feeds by filtering phytoplankton.

Similar species
  • Dosinia exoleta is larger, less smooth, and almost completely round
Key identification features
  • Pallial sinus forming a triangular indentation
  • Sculpture of fine concentric ridges giving a silky lustre
  • Margin of shell forms three fifths of a circle (posterior edge 'cut away')
Taxon version key
[NBNSYS0000175012]
Sort order
11040
Taxonomic group
Marine bivalve
  • Read more about Dosinia lupinus

Solid, almost round shell up to about 4cm across. Dirty white to light brown in colour and generally plain (no additional rays or streaks). Sculpture of fine concentric ridges and faint radiating lines and an almost silky lustre. Three cardinal teeth in each valve and single lateral tooth in left valve. Mantle tubes united throughout.

Dosinia exoleta

Submitted by Steve Wilkinson on Sat, 05/12/2009 22:14
Distribution and status

Common

Occurs from Norway to the Iberian Peninsula and into the Mediterranean

Ecology and behaviour

Burrows deeply in shelly or muddy gravel. Feeds by filtering phytoplankton.

Similar species
  • Dosinia lupinus is smaller, smoother and less rounded
Key identification features
  • Pallial sinus forming a triangular indentation
  • Almost completely round outline to shell
  • Sculpture of concentric ridges giving the shell a coarse appearance
Taxon version key
[NBNSYS0000175011]
Sort order
11050
Taxonomic group
Marine bivalve
  • Read more about Dosinia exoleta

Solid almost round shell up to about 5cm across. Dirty white to light brown in colour usually with brown, red or pink rays, streaks or blotches. Sculpture of flat concentric ridges giving the shell a dull coarse appearance. Growth lines tend to be prominent. Three cardinal teeth in each valve and single lateral tooth in left valve. Mantle tubes united throughout.

Donax vittatus

Submitted by Steve Wilkinson on Sat, 05/12/2009 22:14
Distribution and status

Common.

Recorded from Norwegian Sea and Baltic. Extends south to the Iberian Peninsula and into the Mediterranean.

The map provided here shows the distribution of the species based on Conchological Society data.

Ecology and behaviour

Found just below the surface in firm sand on exposed shores. Feed on suspended organic matter collected through relatively short sipons.

Similar species
  • Donax variegatus has a smooth or very finely serrated margin
Key identification features
  • Wedge shaped shell which is triangular in outline
  • Margin coarsely serrated
  • Sculpture of raidating lines on valve surface
Taxon version key
[NBNSYS0000174995]
Sort order
10730
Taxonomic group
Marine bivalve
  • Read more about Donax vittatus

Solid glossy shell up to 4cm in length. White, yellow, brown or purple. Interior of shell white, often stained yellow, orange or purple. Pallial sinus deep and partially confluent with pallial line.

Donax variegatus

Submitted by Steve Wilkinson on Sat, 05/12/2009 22:14
Distribution and status

Common.

Extends from the south and west coasts of Britain to the Mediterranean and along the Atlantic coast of Morocco.

The map provided here shows the distribution of the species based on Conchological Society data.

Ecology and behaviour

Found just below the surface in firm sand on exposed shores where it feeds on suspended organic matter collected through relatively short sipons.

Similar species
  • Donax vittatus has a coarsely serrated margin
Key identification features
  • Wedge shaped shell which is triangular in outline
  • Smooth margin
Taxon version key
[NBNSYS0000174994]
Sort order
10720
Taxonomic group
Marine bivalve
  • Read more about Donax variegatus

Solid shell up to 4cm in length. Light yellow or olive sometimes flecked with cream or white. Inside of shell white; sometimes stained orange or purple. The surface is sculptured with a few concentric lines. Pallial sinus deep and partially confluent with pallial line.

Diodora graeca

Submitted by Steve Wilkinson on Sat, 05/12/2009 22:14
Vernacular names
Common keyhole limpet
Distribution and status

Not uncommon.

Occurs from the British Isles south to the Mediterranean but appears to be absent from the North Sea.

The map provided here shows the distribution of the species based on Conchological Society data.

Ecology and behaviour

Lives attached to stones or rock where it feeds on sponges. Breed in winter and spring. Eggs are attached to the rock surface and young hatch as juveniles - there is no free swimming larval stage.

Similar species
  • Puncturella noachina has a slit slightly in front of the apex
Key identification features
  • Keyhole shaped opening in the apex of the shell
Taxon version key
[NBNSYS0000174957]
Sort order
600
Taxonomic group
Marine snail
  • Read more about Diodora graeca

Conical shell up to 25mm in length (10mm in height). The shell is white or yellow often with brown radiating rays. The surface is sculptured with 20-30 coarse radiating ridges interspersed with finer ones.

Devonia perrieri

Submitted by Steve Wilkinson on Sat, 05/12/2009 22:14
Distribution and status

Widespread but not common.

The map provided here shows the distribution of the species based on Conchological Society data.

Ecology and behaviour

Commensal. Lives attached to holothurians in the genus Leptosynapta including L. inhaerens and L. bergensis.

Key identification features
  • The hinge does not possess any teeth
  • Surface is only sculptured with concentric lines
Taxon version key
[NBNSYS0000174900]
Sort order
10040
Taxonomic group
Marine bivalve
  • Read more about Devonia perrieri

Fragile shell up to 5mm in length. Both the inside and outside of the shell are white to translucent in colour. The surface of the shell is sculptured with concentric lines and the margin is smooth.

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